MMS - What it Is and How it Works
CD - Chlorine Dioxide
CDS - Chlorine Dioxide Solution


This info will look at the actual material that MMS is made from, Sodium Chlorite as well the Chlorine Dioxide it produces.

WHAT IS CDS OR CD?
  • MMS: The mixture of sodium chlorite (NaClO²), activated with citric acid.
  • CD: The mixture of sodium chlorite (NaClO²), Chlorine Dioxide dissolution, activated with hydrochloric acid.
  • CDS: Chlorine dioxide dissolution, (ClO²), in water (gas dissolved in water)
 
MMS is the name Jim Humble gave to the combination of chlorine dioxide (NaClO2 ) activated with citric acid at the time. Today we don’t just utilize citric acid at 50%, we use also use hydrochloric acid (HCL) at 4% instead. To avoid confusion, we are going to call it CD, which stands for chlorine dioxide. CD is much milder and efficient than the MMS activated with citric acid at 50%.
 
1. Chlorine dioxide is a yellow gas which is readily soluble in water, without altering its structure.
 
2. is obtained by mixing sodium chlorite and diluted hydrochloric acid.
 
3. The chlorine dioxide gas dissolved in water is an oxidizer
 
4. Chlorine dioxide is selective for the more acid pH and the pathogen, the stronger the reaction.
 
5. According to toxicological studies of the EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) chlorine dioxide leaves no residue, or accumulates in the body long term.
 
6. In the oxidation process becomes oxygen and sodium chloride (common salt).

​Because the chlorine dioxide is an oxidizing agent and a free radical while is capable of neutralizing reactive molecules – such as NO, O2-, H2O2, HClO, and OH- and not containing oxygen are produced by macrophages in response to stress or infection, causing inflammation and pain. Other pain causing components, such as interleukin, or leukotrienes, are also reduced by oxidation. To disinfect wounds is much more appropriate than iodine because it does not prevent reconnection of tissue (Kenyon, AJ, Hamilton, S., Wound Healing Studied With Alcide: a Topical Sterilant, Amer.Society of Chemists 74th Annual Biol. Meeting, San Francisco, CA June 5-9 1983)
​

The questions I am most often asked are :
What exactly is MMS? What's it made out of? Is it Natural? MMS is a solution made from 22.4% Sodium Chlorite and Distilled water.
There will be some inert salts that were used as buffers in the raw material, which is usually a technical grade of anhydrous sodium chlorite.
This may be in powder or flake form, depending on the manufacturer.

The amount and type of these inert ingredients can vary depending on the raw material used but will generally not exceed 5.6% in the MMS solution.

Typical inert ingredients found in the raw material are Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Carbonate, and Sodium Chloride (salt). 
There may be traces of Sodium Hydroxide, and Sodium Chlorate left over from the manufacturing process of the raw material.
Industrial Grades for non EPA approved uses may contain traces of lead, mercury, and arsenic.

The term 28% Sodium Chlorite used by many people is a misnomer.
It includes the inert salts, as well as the actual sodium chlorite when one uses an 80% raw material.
This can vary if one is using a different raw material. For instance, if one use a 90% Sodium Chlorite as a substrate, the 28% figure would produce a different result.

Sodium Chlorite is manufactured solely as a precursor to the generation of Chlorine Dioxide. (CLO2).  

Chlorine Dioxide
Chlorine Dioxide is the 'Active Ingredient" of MMS so to speak. It exists as a greenish gas at normal temperatures.
This what is created when MMS is activated with an weak acid solution. The concentrated gas being formed in the mixed solution gives it an amber aspect.

Chlorine Dioxide is a small, volatile molecule, that reacts with other substances by means of oxidation.

Depending on the use, and how it is formed, it is an FDA and EPA approved pesticide that can be used in food service, municipal water, mold treatment, odor treatment, medical use, mouthwashes, toothpastes, eyecare, and in personal water treatment products, among other applications. 

It is considered to be a more "Earth-Friendly" alternative to many chlorine applications.

Isn't Chlorine Dioxide the same as Bleach?Bleach is a relative term. Many chemicals including oxidizers such as Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2), can be considered a bleach.

Bleaching means they remove color, and yes, Chlorine Dioxide will remove color, like most oxidizers. 
One industrial use for Chlorine Dioxide is as a bleach for wood pulp, (used in conjunction with sodium hypochlorite), and as a bleach for flour in some countries including the US. The concentration used for bleaching is so much higher than any dose that  humans can consume.

The reason it it used in the paper mills is also because of the fact the chlorine dioxide gas prohibits the growth of biofilm as well as for it's bleaching properties.

​We know that chlorine dioxide is the best disinfectant known to man, since it can eliminate bacteria, fungi, viruses and small size parasites across a wide pH range. It has been used for over 80 years to disinfect drinking water, and it never caused a problem in all these years.
It is widely used in industry for disinfection purposes. It is also used in paper bleaching, but in extreme concentration levels ∼5680 times higher, a concentration that have nothing to do with the typical ingestion dose.
​
CDS is only the gas of the water-bubbled mixture which is pH neutral and has many advantages. Since it does not usually cause irritations or side effects as can the MMS and is fully described in my first book “CDS health is Possible”

When people say bleach they usually mean Sodium Hypochlorite (common household bleach), 
The real question is: Is chlorine dioxide(ClO2) the same as chlorine (Cl) or hypochlorite (ClO) . 

The short answer is a resounding NO!

However, before we look at why they are so different, let's look at why people tend to equate them
It does smell a lot like chlorine. It can also irritate the eyes and respiratory system if the concentration is too strong.
It disinfects, and kills micro-organisms. 

Then of course the name.... Chlorine Dioxide..... and yes, Chlorine dioxide does have a Chlorine atom.
But.... So does salt, in fact the only elemental difference between table salt, sodium chlorite (MMS Solution), and common bleach is the number of oxygen atoms attached to the molecule.
  • 1 Sodium Atom + 1 Chlorine Atom = NaCl (Common Salt Molecule) 
 
  • 1 Sodium Atom + (1 Chlorine Atom +1 Oxygen Atom) = NaClO Sodium Hypochlorite Molecule (Common Bleach)
 
  • 1 Sodium Atom + (1 Chlorine Atom + 2 Oxygen Atoms) = NaClO2 Sodium Chlorite Molecule 
 
  • (MMS, used to generate clean Chlorine Dioxide / NaClO2)
 
  • 1 Sodium Atom + (1 Chlorine Atom + 3 Oxygen Atoms) = NaClO3 Sodium Chlorate Molecule 
 
  • (Used to make other chlorine compounds. Used as a pesticide and defoiliant, Toxic) 
 
  • 1 Sodium Atom + (1 Chlorine Atom + 4 Oxygen Atoms) = NaClO4 Sodium Perchlorate Molecule 
 
  • (Non reactive electrolyte often used in molecular science for DNA extraction and hybridization.)

This is to demonstrate the difference a single atom can make in a molecule.

Pure sodium would ignite in your mouth, and pure chlorine has been used as a chemical weapon, yet table salt, a necessary mineral, is just a combination of the two.

In fact these 2 elements, Sodium and Chlorine make up about .2% of your total body chemistry each.

The Differences between Chlorine Dioxide and ChlorineThis is the real focus of the issue, and the answer is really pretty simple. While both kill pathogens well.... Chlorine Dioxide does it differently, and more effiently, without creating toxic byproducts.
Chlorine Dioxide kills by oxidation, whereas Chlorine kills by substitution, (in this case called chlorination).

Chlorine Dioxide has a lower oxidation strength than chlorine, but more than twice the oxidative capacity. Reduction/Oxidation Strength or "Redox" is a measure of how strongly aa oxidizer reacts with with organic material, the higher the redox potential, the more substances the oxidizer will react with. Chlorine Dioxide has a lower redox potential than ozone, chlorine, or hypochlorus acid. Because of this lower redox potential, Chlorine DIoxide is more selective in what it reacts to.

Typically Chlorine Dioxide will only react with compounds that have active carbon bonds, sulfides, cyanides, and compounds with reduced iron or maganese. Chlorine has a higer redox, and will react with a wider range of compounds, including ammonia.

Because of this difference Chlorine Dioxide does not create toxic by products like chlorine does. This is why Chlorine is limited as a biocide in it's overall effectiveness as opposed to Chlorine Dioxide.

The higher oxidation capacity means that Chlorine Dioxide will remove 5 electrons from the target, whereas chlorine can only remove 2.
Chlorine will bind to a pathogen, and other chemicals and compunds that may be present. Chlorine DIoxide being more selective, will not bind with other compounds.

Because of this capacity, Chlorine Dioxide is more efficient than Chlorine, Ozone, or Hypochlorus Acid when used as a disinfectant.

After the reaction is complete, Chorine Dioxide reverts to chloride (salt). Chlorine forms Trihalomathanes from reaction to ammonia, plus other byproducts from other chemicals and compounds as may be present.


How Chlorine Dioxide Works on Pathogens
Chlorine dioxide kills pathogens by stopping protein formation. 

​Viruses and Bacterias are killed by different methods.
  • Bacteria is killed through the oxidation process mentioned above. The chloride dioxide steals five electrons from the amino acid of the targeted pathogen. The amino acid becomes unable to produce the proteins necessary to maintaining the cell wall. The cell wall collapes and the pathogen dies.
 
  • Viruses are killed by the reaction of Chlorine DIoxide to peptone. Peptone is vital to the protein formation of the virus. It becomes unable to function, thus "starving" the virus.

Pathogens can't build a resistance to Chlorine Dioxide. Even so called "Superbugs" that are resistant to antibiotics have no defense. Chlorine dioxide attacks these pathogens at the molecular level, not through poisoning.